Early Life and Background
Socrates was born in Athens in 469 B.C. His father was a sculptor, and Socrates himself also learned this craft. For a time, he worked as a sculptor, but later he abandoned art and chose to dedicate his life to seeking wisdom. Some ancient writers suggest that he showed interest in natural science and astronomy, but he soon turned to philosophy and teaching.
Teaching in the Market-Place
Unlike other teachers of his time, Socrates did not open a formal school or write books. Instead, he spoke with people in the market-place, streets, and public areas of Athens. He surrounded himself with students and disciples, such as Plato and Xenophon, who later preserved his ideas. His method of teaching was based on asking questions and encouraging his listeners to think for themselves. This method became known as the Socratic Method The Journey to Delphi.
Conflict with Authorities
The ideas of Socrates often challenged the traditions and beliefs of Athens. He questioned the gods of the city, the authority of priests, and the behavior of politicians. Many powerful people saw him as dangerous. Just like Jesus Christ, who lived four centuries later, Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth, denying the traditional gods, and introducing new beliefs. His trial was, in some ways, similar to the trial of Christ before the Sanhedrin.
Trial and Death
When Socrates was brought before the Athenian courts, he admitted that he had questioned traditional beliefs but denied that this was a crime. His defense was honest and fearless. He even declared that he had been guided by a divine inner voice. However, the judges found him guilty and sentenced him to death.
Because of a festival, executions were delayed, and Socrates remained in prison for some time. Finally, instead of being executed by force, he drank a cup of poison made from hemlock, calmly accepting his fate. His death became a symbol of loyalty to truth and justice, even at the cost of life itself City Tours Istanbul.
The Prison of Socrates
Near the Areopagus in Athens, there are two small chambers carved into the rock. They are about sixteen feet square, separated by a narrow doorway, and covered with iron bars like cages. These are often called “the prison of Socrates.” Many visitors believe that he was held and died there. However, historians agree that there is no solid evidence for this tradition. It is more likely a later invention to honor his memory.
Demosthenes and the Honey of Hymettus
The Famous Orator
Demosthenes, one of the greatest orators of ancient Greece, had a country home on the far side of Mount Hymettus, near Athens. He is remembered for his powerful speeches defending Athenian freedom.
The Honey of Mount Hymettus
Mount Hymettus was, and still is, famous for its honey. The mountain is covered with wildflowers rich in natural sugar, which give the honey a unique flavor. In ancient times, this honey was considered a great luxury. Today, it continues to be highly valued and is sold across Europe at high prices.
Lasting Reputation
Tourists visiting Athens often buy Hymettus honey in hotels or curiosity shops as a souvenir. Just as in the days of Demosthenes, it remains a symbol of natural richness and cultural continuity from ancient Greece to the modern world.
